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Alergia a la Penicilina

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Fue realizado por la provincia de Buenos Aires, con el apoyo de la OPS/OMS. Está disponible para todos aquellos equipos profesionales, instituciones y programas que puedan utilizarlo como apoyo técnico.

Buenos Aires, 27 de abril de 2017 (OPS/OMS).- El Ministerio de Salud de la provincia de Buenos Aires publicó, con el apoyo de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud/Organización Mundial de la Salud (OPS/OMS), un documento sobre la utilización de penicilina benzatínica como tratamiento para la prevención de sífilis congénita en el primer nivel de atención de la salud, con el fin de reforzar las acciones para concretar avances en la iniciativa de eliminación de esta enfermedad.

Dentro de las múltiples causas por las cuales la embarazada no recibe tratamiento adecuado para sífilis, uno de los mayores problemas percibido por todos los municipios participantes fue las dificultades para la aplicación de penicilina benzatínica en el primer nivel de atención (CAPS) debido, fundamentalmente, a una sobrestimación del riesgo de alergias severas a la penicilina y a la inadecuada indicación para realizar los “tests de alergia” previos al tratamiento.

El documento está destinado a equipos profesionales, instituciones y programas que les resulte de interés como apoyo técnico en esta temática. La guía contiene recomendaciones para el uso de penicilina benzatínica en mujeres embarazadas en el primer nivel de atención en la provincia de Buenos Aires, a partir del análisis de la información sobre la seguridad del uso de penicilina en estos servicios.

A pesar de existir medidas y opciones terapéuticas eficaces y no muy costosas, la sífilis sigue constituyendo un problema de salud pública a escala mundial, con 12 millones de personas infectadas cada año.

En Argentina, la tasa de sífilis congénita era en 2014 de 1,32 casos cada 1000 nacidos vivos, de acuerdo con el análisis realizado por OPS/OMS y UNICEF en 2015. Teniendo en cuenta que el número de nacidos vivos en Argentina oscila alrededor de los 750.000 por año, cerca de mil niños nacerían con sífilis cada año.

Además, un número de embarazos aún no completamente conocido debido al subregistro, culminan en aborto espontáneo por la misma causa. Algunas jurisdicciones han estimado una prevalencia cercana al 6% en este grupo de pacientes.

El documento cuenta con el aval de la Asociación Argentina de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica (AAAeIC), la Sociedad Argentina de Infectología (SADI), la Sociedad de Ginecología Y Obstetricia de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (SOGBA) y la Dirección de SIDA y ETS del Ministerio de Salud de la Nación.

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Última actualización el Viernes 05 de Mayo de 2017 14:54

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